Adjectives and Adverbs

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Adjectives

We use adjectives to explain nouns and pronouns. Adjectives can come before nouns or after linking verbs.

Before the noun: - He dropped the new plate.
- I have a black cat.
- The small boy ran down the street.
- What a stunning view!

- He seems drained.
- The view is beautiful.
- The weather became chilly.
- My cat is black.

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We make the comparative and superlative of adjectives by including both '-er / -est' or utilizing 'extra / most'. You possibly can learn extra about comparatives and superlatives right here. - She is tall.
- She is taller than her sister.
- She is the tallest person in the category.

Adverbs

Adverbs are used to describe verbs, adjectives or other adverbs. They are sometimes (but not at all times) made by including 'ly' to the adjective. - I walked slowly ('slowly' tells us about the verb 'stroll').
- They labored rapidly.

- She sang loudly.
- She sang extra loudly than her good friend.
- She sang most loudly in the class.

Adverb or adjective?

It is essential to remember to make use of an adjective after a linking verb. However, this may be tough as some verbs can be utilized as both regular verbs and as linking verbs. One test is to substitute the verb with the identical form of 'be' and see if the sentence nonetheless is smart. If it does, the verb is being used as a linking verb and so needs an adjective, not an adverb. - He smells the recent soup rigorously. (Here we're talking concerning the action of smelling and utilizing 'odor' as a normal verb, so we want an adverb.)
- The soup smells good. (Here we are using 'scent' as a linking verb, to explain the soup. We can substitute 'smells' with 'is' and the sentence nonetheless makes sense. So, we'd like an adjective.)

- He looked tiredly at the soiled kitchen. (Here we're speaking about the motion of trying and using 'look' as a normal verb, so we use an adverb to explain the best way of looking.)
- You look beautiful. (Here we are using 'look' as a nking verb, to offer more info in regards to the person. We can exchange 'look' with 'are' and the sentence nonetheless makes sense. So we want an adjective.)

Irregular varieties

Normally, we make an adverb by adding 'ly' to an adjective. - Cautious (adjective): He's always careful.
- Carefully (adverb): She put the glasses down rigorously.

- Quiet (adjective): This is a quiet room.
- Quietly (adverb): She spoke quietly.

- Bad (adjective): This espresso is dangerous!
- Badly (adverb): He sings badly!

- Glad (adjective): She seems very pleased.
- Happily (adverb): He sang fortunately.

- Gentle (adjective): It is a gentle cat.
- Gently (adverb): He stroked the cat gently.

- Fast (adjective): That is a fast automobile.
- Fast (adverb): She walks quick.

- Early (adjective): She was early for the meeting.
- Early (adverb): He arrived early.

- Late (adjective): He is at all times late!
- Late (adverb): He bought up late this morning ('currently' is also an adverb but means 'not too long ago').

- Good (adjective): That is an efficient e-book.
- Nicely (adverb): She did effectively on the exam ('properly' may also be an adjective; see beneath).

- Hard (adjective): Maths is tough!
- Exhausting (adverb): She tried onerous ('hardly' can also be an adverb, but means 'virtually none'; see under).

- He talked to me in a pleasant manner.


Good / nicely

'Nicely' can be confusing because it's both the adverb form of 'good', and an adjective that means 'wholesome and fantastic'. - My mother is well ('effectively' is an adjective which means 'healthy and positive').
- He did the work nicely ('nicely' is an adverb that means 'in a great way').


- This meal is sweet!
- He can speak good German.


Exhausting / hardly

'Arduous' is each an adjective and an adverb. - The table is hard (= adjective, meaning 'not smooth' or 'difficult').
- She works arduous (= adverb, that means 'with a lot of effort').

- She hardly works (= she does virtually no work).
- I have hardly any cash (= I've virtually no money).

Late / currently

'Late' is an adjective and an adverb. There can also be an adverb 'these days', which means 'just lately'. - I'm late (= adjective, which means 'not on time').
- He got here late (= adverb, meaning 'not on time').
- I've been working a lot recently (= an adverb that means 'recently').

Modern English and Adverbs

Many native English audio system are beginning to use adjectives where traditionally we need an adverb. Some people think this is incorrect, however it is quite common. - He ran quick (instead of 'he ran quickly').


- She ran quicker (instead of 'she ran extra quickly').

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