What's A Relative Clause?

What is a relative clause?

report this adSee a listing of all the workout routines about relative clauses here.

We will use relative clauses to affix two English sentences, or to give more details about one thing.

I bought a new automobile. It is rather quick.
→ I bought a new automotive that is very fast.

She lives in New York. She likes residing in New York.
→ She lives in New York, which she likes.

Defining and Non-defining

A defining relative clause tells which noun we're speaking about:

- I just like the girl who lives next door.
(If I do not say 'who lives next door', then we don't know which woman I mean).

A non-defining relative clause gives us additional details about one thing. We don't need this information to know the sentence.

- I reside in London, which has some fantastic parks.
(Everybody is aware of where London is, so 'which has some implausible parks' is further information).

Defining relative clauses:

1: The relative pronoun is the topic:

First, let's consider when the relative pronoun is the subject of a defining relative clause.

We can use 'who', 'which' or 'that'. We use 'who' for individuals and 'which' for things. We can use 'that' for people or things.

The relative clause can come after the subject or the thing of the sentence. We will not drop the relative pronoun.

For example (clause after the item of the sentence):

- I am on the lookout for a secretary who / that can use a computer properly.
- She has a son who / that's a doctor.
- We purchased a house which / that is 200 years outdated.
- I sent a letter which / that arrived three weeks later.

More examples (clause after the subject of the sentence):

- The individuals who / that dwell on the island are very friendly.
- The man who / that phoned is my brother.
- The digital camera which / that costs £100 is over there.
- The house which / that belongs to Julie is in London.

Attempt an train the place the relative pronoun is the subject here.

2: The relative pronoun is the article:

Next, let's discuss when the relative pronoun is the thing of the clause. On this case we are able to drop the relative pronoun if we want to. Once more, the clause can come after the subject or the item of the sentence. Here are some examples:

- She loves the chocolate (which / that) I purchased.
- We went to the village (which / that) Lucy really useful.
- John met a woman (who / that) I had been to highschool with.
- The police arrested a man (who / that) Jill labored with.

- The bike (which / that) I loved was stolen.
- The college (which / that) she likes is well-known.
- The girl (who / that) my brother loves is from Mexico.
- The physician (who / that) my grandmother preferred lives in New York.

Try an train the place the relative pronoun is the item here
Try an train about defining relative clauses, both subject and object here
Attempt one other exercise about defining relative clauses, both topic and object here

Non-defining relative clauses:

We do not use 'that' in non-defining relative clauses, so we need to make use of 'which' if the pronoun refers to a thing, and 'who' if it refers to a person. We will not drop the relative pronoun in this sort of clause, even if the relative pronoun is the article of the clause.

(Clause comes after the subject)

- My boss, who may be very good, lives in Manchester.
- My sister, who I stay with, knows a lot about automobiles.
- My bicycle, which I've had for greater than ten years, is falling apart.
- My mom's house, which I grew up in, may be very small.

(Clause comes after the object)

- Yesterday I known as our buddy Julie, who lives in New York.
- The photographer known as to the Queen, who appeared annoyed.
- Final week I bought a new pc, which I don't like now.
- I really love the brand new Chinese restaurant, which we went to last evening.

Prepositions and relative clauses

If the verb within the relative clause needs a preposition, we put it at the tip of the clause:

For instance:

hearken to

The music is sweet. Julie listens to the music.
→ The music (which / that) Julie listens to is good.

work with

My brother met a girl. I used to work with the lady.
→ My brother met a girl (who / that) I used to work with.

go to

The country is extremely popular. He went to the country.
→ The country (which / that) he went to is very hot.

come from

I visited the town. John comes from town.
→ I visited the town (that / which) John comes from.

apply for

The job is properly paid. She utilized for the job.
→ The job (which / that) she utilized for is effectively paid.

Whose

'Whose' is always the topic of the relative clause and can't be not noted. It replaces a possessive. It can be utilized for people and issues.

The canine is over there. The canine's / its owner lives subsequent door.
→ The canine whose owner lives subsequent door is over there.

The little lady is unhappy. The little girl's / her doll was lost.
→ The little woman whose doll was misplaced is unhappy.

The girl is coming tonight. Her car is a BMW.
→ The lady whose automobile is a BMW is coming tonight.

The house belongs to me. Its roof may be very previous.
→ The home whose roof is previous belongs to me.

The place / when / why

We can generally use these query words instead of relative pronouns and prepositions.

I dwell in a city. I examine in town.

→ I live in the city the place I research.
→ I reside in the city that / which I study in.
→ I dwell in the city by which I research.

The bar in Barcelona is still there. I met my wife in that bar.

→ The bar in Barcelona where I met my wife remains to be there.
→ The bar in Barcelona that / which I met my wife in is still there.
→ The bar in Barcelona wherein I met my wife remains to be there.

The summer time was lengthy and scorching. I graduated from university in the summer time.

→ The summer time once i graduated from university was lengthy and sizzling.
→ The summer that / which I graduated from college in was long and sizzling.
→ The summer time by which I graduated was lengthy and hot.

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